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Focus: SPA Perspectives

Explore expert perspectives, in-depth analysis, and real-world stories shaping national security.

Rethinking Maritime Prepositioning for Contested Environments
Rethinking Maritime Prepositioning for Contested Environments

Listen to this article: 00:00 Mark Schouten, an analyst at SPA For decades, maritime prepositioning depended on a basic assumption: forces would be able to reach the ports they needed when conflict began. That assumption no longer holds. Discussions during the Maritime Prepositioning for the 21st Century panel at Modern

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From Overconfidence to Realism: Overcoming Bias in Early Cost Forecasting
From Overconfidence to Realism: Overcoming Bias in Early Cost Forecasting

In March 2025, Systems Planning & Analysis (SPA) experts Patrick Malone and Christina Snyder, ICEAA Board President and SPA’s Fellow for Cost Estimation and Analysis,

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